XCALUMKÍN
WHY SHOULD I VISIT IT?
It is one of the richest sites in epigraphic and one of the best examples of the Puuc architecture in Campeche State. It is considered as the regional capital of at least 25 sites located nearby; recently, there have been restauration and prospection activities in the site.
HOW TO GET THERE?
It is located 85 kilometers to the northeast from Campeche city, right on the East of Hecelchacán municipality.
HISTORY OF THE SITE
The site was reported by Teoberto Maler during the late XIX century, and he called it Xcalumkín because it was the name of the savanna were most of the constructions where rised, although there are some other edifices over several nearby hills.
According to Maler, Xcalumkín in Maya language means "Two times exposed to the sun", although the american historian Ralph Roys believes that the name could be Calomkín which means "the window through which the sun trespasses".
TOURING THE SITE
The Cilinder Palace, which is apparently the most voluptuous structure in the site, once had ten rooms and its main facade was located on the south side of the edifice, and over it there is a broad projecting stairway. Beneath this stairs ther is an arch which facilitates the access to the five rooms in the section. Over this low section we can appreciate three cilinders alternated with adorns in a steplike formation.
With the purpose of conservation, "the old woman" was located inside the structure; it is an anthropomorphic sculpture in a sitting position, and its face seems to emerge from a helmet or helm which simmulates a reptile’s jaw. This sculpture was found on a spot located 150 meters to the northwest of the Group on the Initial Series.
The North edifice or the edifice of the Initial series, was named like this because there was found an "initial series" date from middle VIII century A.D. This building has three lodgings, and in the biggest one, the one on the east side, is where the inscription "initial Series" was found; its entrance is composed by monolithic columns, spires, stone lintels and door-jambs which were removed for its conservation and they are actualy exhibited in the Baluarte de la Soledad museum, in Campeche city.
The South edifice of the Group of the initial series, originaly had three lodgings and only one remains. It is a broad and long area with four accesses formed by three monolithic columns.
"La Casa del Gran Dintel" or the house of the great lintel is located close to the Group of the Initial Series. It is a three room buiding that outstands from the rest after its enormous monolithic carved lintel on its two sides.
On its front side, we can appreciate a person standing on his feet, richly adorned with a feather hair dress, a spear and a circular shield; on its right superior part, there are two glyphs, and one of them seem to include the number 10. The other carved side, we can appreciate eight glyph cartridges flanked with profile faces with feathered hair dresses and circular ear rings.
Over a 15 meters high hill, rises a three vaulted room structure named "El Edficio de la Colina del noroeste" (the edifice over the Northwest hill). Each and every room has only one entrance on their south side, and the central room has got a projected stairway.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Schedule from 8:00 hrs to 17:00 hrs
Visiting time required: 2 hours
Visiting time required departing from Campeche City: 1 hour
Transportation: Bus or car
Recomendation: When visiting Xcalumkín you might programme a visit to the Tenabo Church, the Convent and the archaeological museum in Hecelchacán.
SERVICES NEARBY
SOFT DRINKS: Hecelchacán village
RESTAURANTS: Hecelchacán village
LODGING: Hecelchacán village
GAS STATION: Hecelchacán village
TELEPHONE: Hecelchacán village
MEDICAL SERVICES: Hecelchacán village
RECOMMENDATION
In Spring and Summer time, wear light clothes because the temperature is over 30° C. During June, July and August, wear mosquito repellent and suitable clothes for a rainy weather.
MORE ABOUT XCALUMKÍN
Benavides C., Antonio. Xcalumkín, Un Sitio Puuc de Campeche. En Imprenta. Centro INAH Campeche.
Zapata Peraza, Renée Lorelei. Kankí y la región de Xcalumkín. Memorias del Segundo Congreso Internacional de Mayistas. México: UNAM, 1995. 530-537